d506e01188
- camera_node (driver_pkg): Hikrobot MvCamera SDK image capture - vision_node (algorithm_pkg): Otsu threshold + contour detection + target tracking - web_node (application_pkg): HTTP server with MJPEG preview and mode switch API - gimbal_node (gimbal_control_pkg): UART serial communication per gimbal protocol - bringup_pkg: launch file for full pipeline - config: nginx reverse-proxy for MJPEG streaming and API routing
251 lines
7.8 KiB
Markdown
251 lines
7.8 KiB
Markdown
# 与前端对接文档
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## 整体架构
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```
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┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
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│ 浏览器 (Vue3 前端) │
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│ - 自动模式:观看 MJPEG 视频流 │
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│ - 手动模式:键盘遥控 + MJPEG 视频流 │
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│ - 调试模式:PID 调参 │
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└──────┬──────────────┬──────────────┬─────────────────────┘
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│ HTTP │ WebSocket │ HTTP (MJPEG)
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▼ ▼ ▼
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┌──────────────┐ ┌──────────┐ ┌───────────────────┐
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│ Nginx │ │rosbridge │ │ web_video_server │
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│ 静态文件 │ │ :9090 │ │ :8081 │
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│ 反向代理 │ └────┬─────┘ └────────┬──────────┘
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└──────┬───────┘ │ │
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│ ▼ ▼
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│ ┌────────────────────────────────┐
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└─────►│ ROS2 节点 │
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│ - /cmd_wheel (轮速控制) │
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│ - /cmd_gimbal (云台控制) │
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│ - /pid_config (PID参数) │
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│ - /api/mode/switch (模式切换) │
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└────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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## 一、Nginx 配置
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Nginx 负责三件事:托管 Vue 前端静态文件、反代 MJPEG 视频流、反代 HTTP API。
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### 1.1 前端部署
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构建产物在 `dist/` 目录,部署到服务器后由 Nginx 直接托管:
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```bash
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# 本地构建
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cd aimbot-web
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pnpm build
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# 上传到服务器
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scp -r dist/* user@server:/var/www/aimbot/
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```
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### 1.2 Nginx 配置示例
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```nginx
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server {
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listen 80;
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server_name your-domain.com;
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# 前端静态文件
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root /var/www/aimbot;
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index index.html;
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# SPA 路由回退 — 所有非文件请求回 index.html
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location / {
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try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
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}
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# MJPEG 视频流反代 (web_video_server)
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location /stream {
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8081/stream;
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proxy_http_version 1.1;
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proxy_buffering off;
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# MJPEG multipart 边界必须保持完整
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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# 长连接支持
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proxy_set_header Connection "";
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chunked_transfer_encoding off;
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# 超时配置 — 视频流需要长连接
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proxy_read_timeout 86400s;
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proxy_send_timeout 86400s;
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}
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# 模式切换 API (HTTP → ROS2 节点)
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location /api/ {
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/;
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header Content-Type application/json;
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}
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}
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```
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### 1.3 关键说明
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| 配置项 | 说明 |
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|--------|------|
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| `proxy_buffering off` | MJPEG 流必须关闭缓冲,否则画面延迟严重 |
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| `chunked_transfer_encoding off` | multipart 边界依赖原始编码 |
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| `proxy_read_timeout 86400s` | 视频流是长连接,超时必须足够大 |
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| `try_files $uri /index.html` | Vue Hash 路由支持,直接访问 /#/manual 等路径 |
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---
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## 二、ROS2 环境配置
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### 2.1 rosbridge (WebSocket 服务)
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前端通过 roslibjs 直连 rosbridge WebSocket,不走 Nginx 反代。
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```bash
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# 安装
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sudo apt install ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-rosbridge-server
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# 启动 (默认 ws://0.0.0.0:9090)
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ros2 run rosbridge_server rosbridge_websocket
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```
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### 2.2 web_video_server (MJPEG 推流)
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```bash
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# 安装
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sudo apt install ros-${ROS_DISTRO}-web-video-server
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# 启动 (默认 http://0.0.0.0:8081)
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# 发布摄像头话题后自动生成 /stream?topic=<topic_name>
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ros2 run web_video_server web_video_server
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```
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### 2.3 话题一览
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rosbridge 发布/订阅的话题需要与前端 `config.js` 一致:
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| 话题 | 消息类型 | 方向 | 用途 |
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|------|----------|------|------|
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| `/cmd_wheel` | `std_msgs/Float32MultiArray` | 前端→ROS2 | 左右轮速 `[left, right]` |
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| `/cmd_gimbal` | `geometry_msgs/Twist` | 前端→ROS2 | 云台角速度 `angular.y`(pitch) `angular.z`(yaw) |
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| `/pid_config` | `std_msgs/String` | 前端→ROS2 | PID 参数 JSON |
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### 2.4 模式切换 API
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前端 HTTP POST → Nginx 反代 → ROS2 节点(用户自行实现 HTTP 端):
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```
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POST /api/mode/switch
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Content-Type: application/json
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{ "mode": "auto" | "manual" | "debug" }
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```
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此接口需由 ROS2 侧 HTTP 服务(如 FastAPI / Flask / ros2-web-bridge)接收并处理模式切换逻辑。
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---
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## 三、MJPEG 视频流地址
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`web_video_server` 的 URL 规则:`http://<host>:8081/stream?topic=<话题名>`
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前端 `config.js` 中配置对应 URL:
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```js
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// src/config.js
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export const MJPEG_AUTO_URL = '/stream?topic=/camera_auto'
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export const MJPEG_MANUAL_URL = '/stream?topic=/camera_manual'
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```
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使用 `/stream` 相对路径时由 Nginx 反代到 `web_video_server`,避免跨域问题。
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### 摄像头话题发布示例
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```bash
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# 确保摄像头话题有数据
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ros2 run image_transport republish raw in:=/camera_auto/image_raw out:=/camera_auto/compressed
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```
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`web_video_server` 自动识别话题类型并推送 MJPEG。
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---
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## 四、启动顺序
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```bash
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# 1. 启动 ROS2 核心节点
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ros2 launch your_robot bringup.launch.py
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# 2. 启动 rosbridge
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ros2 run rosbridge_server rosbridge_websocket &
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# 3. 启动视频推流
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ros2 run web_video_server web_video_server &
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# 4. 启动模式切换 HTTP 服务(自行实现)
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python3 mode_api_server.py &
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# 5. 启动/重载 Nginx
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sudo systemctl reload nginx
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```
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---
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## 五、前端 config.js 配置
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部署前修改 `src/config.js` 中的地址以匹配实际服务器环境:
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```js
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// 后端 HTTP API(模式切换)
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export const HTTP_API_BASE = '' // 同域代理可留空或填 '/api'
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// rosbridge WebSocket
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export const ROSBRIDGE_URL = 'ws://192.168.1.100:9090' // 改成 ROS2 主机 IP
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// MJPEG 视频流 — 经 Nginx 代理
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export const MJPEG_AUTO_URL = '/stream?topic=/camera_auto'
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export const MJPEG_MANUAL_URL = '/stream?topic=/camera_manual'
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// ROS 话题 — 必须与 ROS2 侧一致
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export const CMD_WHEEL_TOPIC = '/cmd_wheel'
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export const CMD_GIMBAL_TOPIC = '/cmd_gimbal'
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export const PID_CONFIG_TOPIC = '/pid_config'
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// 键盘控制参数 — 按实际机器人调整
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export const MAX_LINEAR = 0.5 // 最大线速度 m/s
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export const MAX_ANGULAR = 1.0 // 最大角速度 rad/s
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export const WHEEL_SEPARATION = 0.2 // 轮距 m
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export const GIMBAL_PITCH_SPEED = 0.5 // 云台 pitch 角速度 rad/s
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export const GIMBAL_YAW_SPEED = 0.5 // 云台 yaw 角速度 rad/s
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```
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---
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## 六、前端 nginx 完整部署命令
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```bash
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# 构建
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cd aimbot-web && pnpm build
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# 部署
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sudo cp -r dist/* /var/www/aimbot/
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sudo cp nginx-aimbot.conf /etc/nginx/sites-available/aimbot
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sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/aimbot /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
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sudo nginx -t && sudo systemctl reload nginx
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```
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---
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## 七、故障排查
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| 现象 | 检查项 |
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|------|--------|
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| MJPEG 不出画面 | `web_video_server` 是否运行,话题是否有数据,Nginx `proxy_buffering` 是否设为 `off` |
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| rosbridge 连不上 | 防火墙是否开放 9090,`ROSBRIDGE_URL` 是否用 `ws://` 协议 |
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| 按键无反应 | rosbridge 连接状态是否为"已连接",话题名是否与 ROS2 侧一致 |
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| 模式切换报错 | `/api/mode/switch` 的 HTTP 服务是否实现并运行 |
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| 页面空白 | Nginx `try_files` 是否配了 `$uri /index.html` |
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